Machinery for grinding chisels or tools of various kinds



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

. J. BIRKENHEAD; MACHINERY FOR GRINDING OHISELS 0R TOOLS OF VARIOUSKINDS.

No. 295,900. a Patentd Apr. 1,1884.

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(NoModeL) 1 J. BIRKENHEAD. d

MACHINERY FOR GRINDING OHISELS 0R TOOLS OF VARIOUS KINDS.

No. 295.900.. "Patented Apr. 1, 1884.

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iiwrrnn STATES PATENT @rrrce.

JOHN BIRKENHEAD, OF MANSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMACHINERY FOR GRINDING CHISELS OR TOOLS OF VARIOUS KINDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of lietters Patent No. 295,900, dated April1, 1884.

Application filed September 19, 1883. (No model.)

To cbZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, JOHN BIRKENHEAD, of

Mansfield, in the county of Bristol, of'the Oommonwealth ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machineryfor Grinding Chisels or Tools of Various. Kinds; and I do hereby declarethe same to be de scribed in the following specification and repticaltransverse and median section, of a machine embodying my invention, thenature of which is defined in the claims hereinafter presented. Fig.5 isa rear elevation, and Fig. 6 a vertical and transverse section, of

. the rest S, for supporting the tool held in his hand by a person forbeing ground by the wheel or grindstone. Figs. 7 and 8 are opposite sideviews, and Fig. 9 a transverse section on an enlarged scale of one ofthe gears f, g, and h, to be hereinafter described. Fig. 10 is a frontview, and Fig. 11 a horizontal section, of the arm L and thereducing-cutter R thereof, to be described. V

In such drawings, A denotes a grindstone, and B a trough for holdingwater for such stone to run in. The stone is fixed concentrically upon ahorizontal shaft, 0, duly supported in boxes D and E, extending upwardfrom the trough. This shaft is not only to be capable of revolving, butof being moved lengthwise within such boxes. The shaft 0 goes through atubular neck, a, that projects from one side of the trough, and enterswithin and serves to support a hanger, F, carrying a tubular shaft, G,arranged in it, and provided with a driving-pulley, H, as represented.Furthermore, the shaft 0 extends through a tubular shaft, b, dulysustained by the hanger, and having with the said shaft 0 a featherconnection.

On the sleeve b there is fixed and arranged,

as shown, a set of spur-gears, c d e, the gear a of which has a diameterlarger than that of the gear (I, which is also larger than that of thegear 6. This set of gears engages with an other set of like gears, f, g,and 11, arranged on the shaft G so as to revolve freely thereon, thegear f having a diameter less than that of the gear g, and the said gear9 also having a diameter less than thatof the gear h.

Within the shaft G isa slide-rod, 2'. provided with a knob, 70. A stud,Z, projects from the said rod through a slot, m, made longitudinally inthe shaft G. This slide-rod. and its stud are for the purpose of lockingeither gear of the set of gears f g h to the shaft G. This may beaccomplished by moving the shaft endwise, so as to cause the stud toenter a recess, min the hub of the gear to be locked. The gears areprovided with annular grooves 0, so arranged in their hubs that when thestud is within either of such grooves the shaft will turn it aroundtherein without revolving the gear of such groove.

From the above it will be seen that when the stud Z is in the recess aof either of the gears f, g, and h, and the shaft G is in revolution,such gear will be revolved and will revolve the gear upon and inengagement with it, in consequence of which the grindstone will be putin revolution. The two sets of gears, variable in their diameters, asrepresented, are to enable the periphery of the grindstone to be movedat or about a like velocity, as the stone from time to time may becomereduced in diameter. It is found that a revolution of the circumferenceof the stone beyond a certain speed cannot well be kept up without waterbeing thrown off the stone centrifugally to an inconvenient or improperextent. Therefore, as the stone may become worn or reduced in diameter,its speed is required to be increased, in order for any part ofitsperiphery to be moved at the requisite speed. In case thegrindstone-shaft O is not to have any longitudinal motions, thesleevebmay be dispensed with, and the gears 0, cl, and e be fasteneddirectly upon the said shaft 0.

While the grindstone may be in use it is desirable to give to itareciprocating movement endwise of it, as well as a rotary movement onits axis, such being to prevent it from becoming grooved by a tool whilethe latter may be in the act of being ground by the stone. To this end Ihave attached to the trough B and to the shaft 0 mechanism for effectingre-, ciprocating endwise movements of the shaft. This mechanism may bethus explained. The shaft C, at or near one end of it, is,screwthreaded, as shown at p, to engage with a worm-gear, q. An arm, 1",pivoted to theshaft 0, receives at its end a stud, s, projecting IOOdown from another arm, t, that is arranged directly over and spans aheart-cam, a, fixed on the top of the worm-gear q. Thearm tis pivoted toa post, a, extended upward from a bracket, '0, fixed to the trough andarranged therewith in manner as represented.

From the above it will be seen that when the shaft 0 is in revolutionits screw will revolve the worm-gear, which in turn will revolve theheart-cam. This cam in each revolution will impart reciprocating movements to the arm 16, and as a consequence to the shaft 0 and thegrindstone, in a manner to cause the grindstone to be moved endwisefirst in one and next in the opposite direction. The shaft 0 has agroove, 10, made in and around it transversely to receive a screw, so,screwed into the upper part of the trough, as shown in Fig. 4. Onsetting the screw down into the groove and removing the forked arm tfromthe heart-cam, there will be no endwise motion of the grindstone whileit may be revolving.

The next part of the tool-grinding machine to be described is themechanism for supporting the tool and adjusting it in inclination to thestone.

K in Figs. 1., 2, and 3 exhibits a baseplate that spans a lip, y, and isto be suitably fastened thereto by a screw, z, the lip being extendedfrom the trough at one end thereof. Projecting upward from the saidbase-plate, and pivoted thereto, is an arm, L, which at its upper end isjointed to a plate, M. There are pivoted to the plate M and thebase-plate K two screw-nuts, a, to engage with screws 12, extending, asshown, from a hand-wheel, c. The plate M has in its upper part aconcavity, cl, (in form like the segment'of a sphere,) it being toreceive an adjustable seat, 6, which is convex on its under surface, tofit. or nearly fit such concavity, the said seat being flat on its uppersurface. This seat is arranged between two screws, f, fixed to andextended upward from the plate M. These screws go very loosely throughholes in a clamp, N, extending over and across the seat,

there being on the screws and over the clamp two hand-nuts, O O. A toolor chisel, to be supported and ground, is to be placed between the clampand the movable seat 6, and

' on the latter the seat 0 and the clamp being movable, so as to admitof the tool being inclined laterally and vertically, or in variousotherrespects, as occasion may require, to adjust it, as may be desirable, tothe stone. While the grindstone may be in revolution, the screws-b areto be revolved by manual power applied to their hand-wheel c, in whichcase such screws, by their action with the two nuts'a, will move theplate M toward the stone, so as to cause the latter to continue to grindor reduce the chisel at its end, as may be required.

To the arm L there is applied a cutter, R,

for reducing or repairing the grindstone at its periphery, such cutterconsist-ing of a sharp screw-thread, g, of steel, going around acylinder, h, from end to end thereof, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. Thiscutter is pivoted at its ends to the ears 2', projecting from the arm.By turning the arm L sufficiently backward and sliding the ,base-plate Ktoward the stone the cutter can be forced up to the periphery of suchstone. On the grindstone being put in revolution the cutter will berevolved by it, and will remove any glazing, or cut down and reduce theperiphery of the stone to that of a correct cylinder.

In advance of the grindstone there is fixed a rest, S, for supporting atool to be ground, when held in the hand of a person. This rest, formedas shown in Figs. 5 and 6, spans the trough B at its upper part, and isheld in place thereon by a set-screw, 7c. The said rest has an obtuseangular or tapering lower edge, as shown at m, the vertex of which is atthe middle of the rest. Furthermore, the rest is paneled or recessed ineach of its opposite sides, as shown at Z, such being to cause the waterthat may run down upon the rest while a tool on it may be in the act ofbeing ground to run toward and be discharged from the middle of the restrather than laterally from the rest without going back into the trough.i

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination,substantially as described, for effecting reciprocating lateralmovements of the grindstone, such combination consisting of thescrew-threaded shaft 0, worm-gear q, arms r and t, and the heart cam u,arranged and adapted essentially as set forth.

2. The combination of the sleeve!) with the grindstone and its shaft,the two sets of gears, each set consisting of several wheels ofdifferent diameters, as set forth, the drivingshaft, the locking devicest l, and the mechanism, substantially as described, for effectingreciprocating lateral movements of the grindstone, such mechanismconsisting of the screw-thread of the shaft 0, the wormgear q, arms a"and t, and the heart-cam a, all being arranged and adapted essentiallyasrepresented.

3. The adjustable tool-supporter, substan tially as described c0nsistingof the plate M, provided with the concavity d, and the screws f f, andthe adjustable convex seat 6, and the clamp N, and hand-nuts O 0, allbeing arranged and adaptedessentially as explained, and such plate Mbeing supported and having means of moving it, as specified, relativelyto the grindstone.

JOHN BIRKENHEAD.

\Vitnesses:

R. H. EDDY,

E. B.- PRATT.

